Nokia will offer a mobile phone capable of working on cellular networks and wireless LANs in the second quarter of this year. It will also release network operating equipment to support the new converged handset, it announced Monday.
The 6136 phone is based on the UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) industry standard, which enables the hand-off of voice and data connections between GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) networks and WLANs.
The handset, to cost €275, will support all GSM frequencies. It will be equipped with a 1.3 megapixel camera and removable micro SD format memory card, said Kai Öistämö, executive vice president and general manager of Nokia's mobile phone division, at a news conference at the 3GSM World Congress in Barcelona.
Nokia, the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phone handsets, also plans to offer network operators equipment to support the new GSM-WLAN phone's functions in the second quarter, it said.
The mobile phone industry is at a "turning point" with VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) technology. Some manufacturers and operators may view VoIP as a disruptive technology, while others will see it as an opportunity, according to Öistämö.
"We view VoIP as an opportunity," he said.
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17.12.08
GSM and WLAN networks
Bridging two of the world's most ubiquitous wireless standards - GSM and WLAN - the new Nokia 6136 phone integrates UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) technology to allow for seamless handover of voice and data connections between GSM cellular and WLAN networks. With the UMA technology found on the Nokia 6136, operators can deliver voice and data services to subscribers over WLAN access networks, dramatically increasing mobile service availability while decreasing the costs related to network deployment. Consumers, meanwhile, are able to enjoy the benefits of voice calls via the internet using WLAN radio access. The Nokia 6136 phone is expected to be available during the second quarter of 2006.
Orange, one of the world's largest mobile communications companies, will be an initial customer for the Nokia 6136 phone. "By bridging our GSM network and our DSL network - thanks to the WiFi enabled LiveBox, UMA technology allows FT/Orange to deliver a truly seamless wireless experience to our customers," said Sanjiv Ahuja, Chief Executive Officer, Orange Group. "Nokia and Orange have a long history of working together to provide cutting-edge technology combined with exceptional reliability and ease of use. The Nokia 6136 phone builds on this tradition by allowing customers to enjoy their Orange services in more places than ever before."
To accompany the UMA technology, the fold-style, quadband (GSM 850/900/1800/1900) Nokia 6136 also includes a wide array of the latest features. The 1.3 megapixel camera with 8x digital zoom provides crisp, clear images and video that can be easily messaged or uploaded to an online photo album for sharing with friends and family. The phone supports removable microSD memory card allowing for optional storage for a wide selection of favourite images or extensive number of digital music files for the integrated digital music player. A built-in stereo FM radio supporting Visual Radio complements the music experience.
"The Nokia 6136 phone clearly demonstrates the complementary nature of cellular and IP-based networks. By implementing UMA technology into this new device, worldwide quadband GSM coverage is combined with superior indoor WLAN coverage to create a device that can deliver an easy-to-use, seamless communications experience in virtually any situation," said Kai Oistamo, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Mobile Phones, Nokia. "Besides the benefits that UMA technology can deliver, the Nokia 6136 handset is a powerful, user-friendly mobile phone that delivers all of the most wanted mobile features and excellent usability in a stylish folding design."
The compact and lightweight Nokia 6136 phone features dual color displays, including a large 262k color active matrix main display, an integrated handsfree speakerphone and multiple messaging capabilities, including MMS, email, push to talk and Nokia Xpress audio messaging. The Nokia 6136 phone also delivers excellent operating times in both GSM and UMA modes, with up to 5 hours of talk time and up to 280 hours of standby time in GSM mode and up to 5.5 hours of talk time and up to 82 hours of standby time in UMA mode.
The Nokia 6136 also includes a new DARP (Downlink Advanced Receiver Performance) radio receiver, which enhances the radio performance of the device. Studies from 3GPP have indicated that DARP increases the operator network capacity by 40-70 per cent. For consumers, DARP brings improved voice quality and higher data throughput.
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What is a WiFi Phone?
A WiFi phone use wireless technology. There are designated areas in cafes and public areas known as hotspots where you can use a WiFi phone. Providing there are no obstructions and depending on the amount of people using the hotspot, you can use your WiFi phone within 300 feet (about 90 meters) of hotspot area. As long as you are within range of a hotspot, your office can be where ever you are.
The WiFi phone has all the same features as a regular phone. With normal cell phones, you can make calls, text message, receive voicemail and with limitations, access the Internet. The WiFi phone has greater data retrieval capabilities and wider Internet access. The WiFi technology can also be found in laptops. There is no need for telephone lines to connect to the Internet.
WiFi phone technology is still relatively new and may take a while to become widely accepted. It has been available in hospitals and offices for years, but consumer options have been limited. It is predicted that the number of access points and hotspots will increase over the coming years. As the benefits of the WiFi phone become more apparent, many people are expected to make the change from more traditional phones.
There are still a few teething problems to be found with WiFi phone technology. You cannot roam between hotspots with your phone and still receive WiFi calls, although you will still be able to make and receive normal calls with your phone. A lot of phones have been found to shut of the WiFi connection when not in use to conserve energy, thereby missing incoming calls. As the speed of technological developments is so fast, these problems will probably have been ironed out by the time you finish reading this article.
As hotspots are free to use, and the average American consumer's cell-phone service costs 50 US dollars (USD) a month, the cost benefits of the WiFi phone can be huge. WiFi is seen as the way forward for the business community. It also looks likely to revolutionize the way we pay for and use our phones in the future.
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24.8.08
Handsets
Handsets
Nokia is currently the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones, with a global device market share of approximately 40% in 2008. Other major mobile phone manufacturers (in order of market share) include Samsung (14%), Motorola (14%), Sony Ericsson (9%) and LG (7%).[4] These manufacturers account for over 80% of all mobile phones sold and produce phones for sale in most countries.
Other manufacturers include Apple Inc., Audiovox (now UTStarcom), Benefon, BenQ-Siemens, CECT, High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC), Fujitsu, Kyocera, Mitsubishi Electric, NEC, Neonode, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Pantech Curitel, Philips, Research In Motion, Sagem, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens, Sendo, Sierra Wireless, SK Teletech, Sonim Technologies, T&A Alcatel, Huawei, Trium and Toshiba. There are also specialist communication systems related to (but distinct from) mobile phones.
There are several categories of mobile phones, from basic phones to feature phones such as musicphones and cameraphones, to smartphones. The first smartphone was the Nokia 9000 Communicator in 1996 which incorporated PDA functionality to the basic mobile phone at the time. As miniaturization and increased processing power of microchips has enabled ever more features to be added to phones, the concept of the smartphone has evolved, and what was a high-end smartphone five years ago, is a standard phone today. Several phone series have been introduced to address a given market segment, such as the RIM Blackberry focusing on enterprise/corporate customer email needs; the SonyEricsson Walkman series of musicphones and Cybershot series of cameraphones; the Nokia N-Series of multimedia phones; and the Apple iPhone which provides full-featured web access and multimedia capabilities.
Mobile phones often have features beyond sending text messages and making voice calls, including Internet browsing, music (MP3) playback, memo recording, personal organizer functions, e-mail, instant messaging, built-in cameras and camcorders, ringtones, games, radio, Push-to-Talk (PTT), infrared and Bluetooth connectivity, call registers, ability to watch streaming video or download video for later viewing, video calling and serve as a wireless modem for a PC, and soon will also serve as a console of sorts to online games and other high quality games. The total value of mobile data services exceeds the value of paid services on the Internet, and was worth 31 billion dollars in 2006 (source Informa).[citation needed] The largest categories of mobile services are music, picture downloads, videogaming, adult entertainment, gambling, video/TV.
Read More..Cellular systems
Mobile phones send and receive radio signals with any number of cell site base stations fitted with microwave antennas. These sites are usually mounted on a tower, pole or building, located throughout populated areas, then connected to a cabled communication network and switching system. The phones have a low-power transceiver that transmits voice and data to the nearest cell sites, normally not more than 8 to 13 km (approximately 5 to 8 miles) away.
When the mobile phone or data device is turned on, it registers with the mobile telephone exchange, or switch, with its unique identifiers, and can then be alerted by the mobile switch when there is an incoming telephone call. The handset constantly listens for the strongest signal being received from the surrounding base stations, and is able to switch seamlessly between sites. As the user moves around the network, the "handoffs" are performed to allow the device to switch sites without interrupting the call.
Cell sites have relatively low-power (often only one or two watts) radio transmitters which broadcast their presence and relay communications between the mobile handsets and the switch. The switch in turn connects the call to another subscriber of the same wireless service provider or to the public telephone network, which includes the networks of other wireless carriers. Many of these sites are camouflaged to blend with existing environments, particularly in scenic areas.
The dialogue between the handset and the cell site is a stream of digital data that includes digitized audio (except for the first generation analog networks). The technology that achieves this depends on the system which the mobile phone operator has adopted. The technologies are grouped by generation. The first-generation systems started in 1979 with Japan, are all analog and include AMPS and NMT. Second-generation systems, started in 1991 in Finland, are all digital and include GSM, CDMA and TDMA.
The nature of cellular technology renders many phones vulnerable to 'cloning': anytime a cell phone moves out of coverage (for example, in a road tunnel), when the signal is re-established, the phone sends out a 're-connect' signal to the nearest cell-tower, identifying itself and signalling that it is again ready to transmit. With the proper equipment, it's possible to intercept the re-connect signal and encode the data it contains into a 'blank' phone -- in all respects, the 'blank' is then an exact duplicate of the real phone and any calls made on the 'clone' will be charged to the original account.
Third-generation (3G) networks, which are still being deployed, began in Japan in 2001. They are all digital, and offer high-speed data access in addition to voice services and include W-CDMA (known also as UMTS), and CDMA2000 EV-DO. China will launch a third generation technology on the TD-SCDMA standard. Operators use a mix of predesignated frequency bands determined by the network requirements and local regulations.
In an effort to limit the potential harm from having a transmitter close to the user's body, the first fixed/mobile cellular phones that had a separate transmitter, vehicle-mounted antenna, and handset (known as car phones and bag phones) were limited to a maximum 3 watts Effective Radiated Power. Modern handheld cellphones which must have the transmission antenna held inches from the user's skull are limited to a maximum transmission power of 0.6 watts ERP. Regardless of the potential biological effects, the reduced transmission range of modern handheld phones limits their usefulness in rural locations as compared to car/bag phones, and handhelds require that cell towers be spaced much closer together to compensate for their lack of transmission power.
Some handhelds include an optional auxiliary antenna port on the back of the phone, which allows it to be connected to a large external antenna and a 3 watt cellular booster. Alternately in fringe-reception areas, a cellular repeater may be used, which uses a long distance high-gain dish antenna or yagi antenna to communicate with a cell tower far outside of normal range, and a repeater to rebroadcast on a small short-range local antenna that allows any cellphone within a few meters to function properly.
Read More..21.6.08
Wireless telephones
Wireless telephones are hand-held phones with built-in antennas, often called cell, mobile, or PCS phones. These phones are popular with callers because they can be carried easily from place to place.
Wireless telephones are two-way radios. When you talk into a wireless telephone, it picks up your voice and converts the sound to radiofrequency energy (or radio waves). The radio waves travel through the air until they reach a receiver at a nearby base station. The base station then sends your call through the telephone network until it reaches the person you are calling.
When you receive a call on your wireless telephone, the message travels through the telephone network until it reaches a base station close to your wireless phone. Then the base station sends out radio waves that are detected by a receiver in your telephone, where the signals are changed back into the sound of a voice.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) each regulate wireless telephones. FCC ensures that all wireless phones sold in the United States follow safety guidelines that limit radiofrequency (RF) energy. FDA monitors the health effects of wireless telephones. Each agency has the authority to take action if a wireless phone produces hazardous levels of RF energy.
FDA derives its authority to regulate wireless telephones from the Radiation Control provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (originally enacted as the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968). [http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/comp/eprc.html].
FCC derives its authority to regulate wireless telephones from the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) and the Telecommunications Act of 1996 [http://www.fcc.gov/telecom.html].
24.4.08
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